Amazingly, strong correlation effects can be observed in dilute atomic gases despite the densities of the. Motivation cooling optical lattice applications overview 1 motivation 2 cooling laser cooling doppler cooling evaporative cooling 3 optical lattice 4 applications super uid to mott insulator transition sandeep pathakindian institute of science. Maschler et al ultracold atoms in optical lattices generated by quantized light. Meschede, superresolution microscopy of single atoms in optical lattices, new j. Quantum entropy production peaks when about half the atoms have escaped. Realization of the hofstadter hamiltonian with ultracold atoms in optical lattices m. Quantum simulations based on ultracold atoms in optical lattices provide a promising avenue to study these complex systems and unravel the underlying manybody physics. Quantum simulations of lattice gauge theories using. Timeresolved observation and control of superexchange. Gnu scientific library reference manual network the. The fermions will represent matter fields and the bosons gauge fields. Controlling spin exchange interactions of ultracold atoms in optical lattices l. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices pdf download download. Tunable spinorbit coupling for ultracold atoms in twodimensional optical lattices fabian grusdt,1 tracy li, 2,3 4 immanuel bloch,2,3 and eugene demler1 1department of physics, harvard university, cambridge, massachusetts 028, usa 2fakultat fur physik, ludwigmaximiliansuniversitat munchen, schellingstrasse 4, 80799 munich, germany.
Veronica ahufinger this title explores the physics of atoms frozen to ultralow temperatures and trapped in periodic light structures. It introduces the reader to the spectacular progress achieved on the field of. We study an ultracold gas of neutral atoms subject to the periodic optical potential generated by a highq cavity mode. Crystal momentum is conserved while lowering the lattice depth adiabatically. Osa extraction and identification of noise patterns for. Hofstetter institut fuer theoretische physik a, rwth aachen, templergraben 55, 52056 aachen, germany received 16 february 2005. Optical lattices are traditionally generated by counterpropagating laser beams, whose interference pattern is experienced as a conservative potential by the atoms, via the acstark shift a. Pdf ultracold atoms in optical lattices researchgate. Tunable spinorbit coupling for ultracold atoms in two. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices in this chapter we introduce the reader to the physics of ultracold atoms trapped in crystals made of light. Exploring quantum matter with ultracold atoms in optical. Realization of the hofstadter hamiltonian with ultracold.
Optical lattices are traditionally generated by counterpropagating laser beams, whose interference pattern is experienced as a conservative potential by the atoms, via the acstark shift a well. Besides trapping cold atoms, optical lattices have been widely used in creating gratings and photonic crystals. Quantum simulations of lattice gauge theories using ultracold. Optical lattices, ultracold atoms and quantum information. Keywords magnetic lattices ultracold atoms degenerate quantum gases quantum simulation 1 introduction since the advent of laser cooling and trapping techniques in the 1980s and 1990s, optical lattices produced by interfering laser beams have become an indispensable tool for trapping periodic arrays of ultracold atoms and degen. Introduction to experiments in optical lattices part i. Magnetic lattices for ultracold atoms and degenerate. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices are currently highly controllable systems. It makes a route through the physics of cold atoms in periodic potentials starting from the simple. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices constitute a unique experimental setting to study condensed matter hamiltonians in a clean and wellcontrolled environment 1, even in regimes not accessible to typical condensed matter systems2. Optical lattice is formed by the interference of counterpropagating laser beams, which creates e ective potential that traps ultracold atoms. A rotating optical lattice for ultracold atoms oxford physics. Lukin2 1institute for quantum information, california institute of technology, mc 10781, pasadena, california 91125, usa. Sandeep pathakindian institute of science, bangalore ultracold atoms in.
These crystals made of light can be used to trap atoms at very low temperatures, creating a. We demonstrate a novel experimental arrangement which can rotate a 2d optical lattice at frequencies up to several kilohertz. Vexandvgx are external trapping potentials for the atom in the excited and the. Artificial gauge fields with ultracold atoms in optical lattices springer theses kindle edition by aidelsburger, monika.
In the super uid regime we nd that escape dynamics are wavelike and coherent, leading to interference patterns in the density with a nonexponential but still rapid decay process. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices hardcover maciej. Ultracold quantum gases in optical lattices can in fact be considered as quantum. The key feature of these systems are the complete control of the manybody systems, combined with a microscopic understanding of the underlying dynamics.
Related content quantum simulation of the abelianhiggs lattice gauge theory with ultracold atoms daniel gonzalezcuadra, erez zohar and j ignacio cirac. Ultracold atoms and molecules in optical lattices sciencedirect. Optical lattices have rapidly become a favoured tool of atomic and condensedmatter physicists. Optical lattices are free of impurities and therefore ideally suited to study quasicrystals, enabling unprecedented access to observables that are unattainable in condensed matter systems. Quantum coherence and entanglement with ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices paperback maciej. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices represent an ideal platform for simulations of quantum manybody problems. This work reports on the generation of artificial magnetic fields with ultracold atoms in optical lattices using laserassisted tunneling, as well as on the first chernnumber measurement in a nonelectronic system. The nook book ebook of the ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Within this setting, quantum gas microscopes enable single atom observation and manipulation in large samples.
Thomson avenue, cambridge cb3 0he, united kingdom received 12 january 2011. Realization of the harper hamiltonian with ultracold atoms. Ultracold atoms in resonatorgenerated optical lattices. Exploring quantum matter with ultracold atoms in optical lattices. This makes ultracold atoms natural candidates, as bosonic and fermionic atoms are practically free resources in these systems. After preparing a spinmixture of ultracold atoms in an antiferromagnetically ordered state, we measured coherent. Tightbinding models for ultracold atoms in honeycomb optical lattices julen iba. Optical flux lattices for ultracold atomic gases n. The chapter focuses on bosonic atoms in optical lattices and on the regime where strong correlations between the atoms become important. Realization of the harper hamiltonian with ultracold atoms in optical lattices hirokazu miyake, georgios a. Quasicrystalline optical lattices for ultracold atoms.
First comprehensive book on ultracold gases in optical lattices. On the other hand, at low energies or large distances, the quarks are subject to the socalled quark confinement 88, which forbids the existence of free quarks and. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading artificial gauge fields with ultracold atoms in optical lattices springer theses. Lukin2 1institute for quantum information, california institute of technology, mc 10781, pasadena, california 91125, usa 2physics department, harvard university, cambridge, massachusetts 028, usa received 25 october 2002. This thesis covers most of my work in the field of ultracold atoms loaded in optical lattices. Quantum simulation using ultracold atoms in an optical lattice of continuous qed has been suggested in. Ultracold quantum gases in triangular optical lattices. In the limit of large enough cavity damping the different models agree.
We report on the direct measurement of superexchange interactions with ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Some features of this site may not work without it. It makes a route through the physics of cold atoms in periodic potentials starting from the simple noninteracting system and going into the manybody physics that describes the strongly correlated mott insulator regime. Quantum coherence and entanglement with ultracold atoms. Magnetic lattices for ultracold atoms and degenerate quantum. Atoms in an optical lattice provide an ideal quantum system where all parameters can be controlled. Coupling ultracold matter to dynamical gauge fields in. Download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. These crystals made of light can be used to trap atoms at very low temperatures, creating a workshop.
Over the last years the exciting developments in the field of ultracold atoms confined in optical lattices have led to numerous theoretical proposals devoted. Optical lattices, ultracold atoms and quantum information processing d. Jun 18, 2008 quantum coherence and entanglement with ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Marko znidari c may 25, 2010 abstract in the seminar, physical principles underlying behavior of atoms in optical lattices are presented. Population of nth band is mapped onto nth brillouin zone. Light scattering from ultracold atoms in optical lattices as an optical probe of quantum statistics igor b.
However, most of the works so far concentrate on quantum simulations of lattice gauge theories, which are more suited for quantum simulation using optical lattices. Despite these advance, optical lattices featuring qshi with spinorbit interaction have so far been lacking to our knowledge. Within this setting, quantum gas microscopes enable single atom observation and. Light scattering from ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices generated by quantized. Cooper theory of condensed matter group, cavendish laboratory, j. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices with long range.
Quantum coherence and entanglement with ultracold atoms in optical lattices immanuel bloch 1 at nanokelvin temperatures, ultracold quantum gases can be stored in optical lattices, which are arrays of. It starts with an introduction to the hofstadter model, which describes the dynamics. Extraction and identification of noise patterns for ultracold. These socalled optical lattices act as versatile potential landscapes to trap ultracold quantum gases of bosons and fermions. Quantum simulation, a subdiscipline of quantum computation, can provide valuable insight into difficult quantum problems in physics or chemistry. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices weizmann institute of science. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices generated by quantized light fields.
In the limit of very low temperatures, cavity field and atomic dynamics require a quantum description. Quantum manybody dynamics of ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Especially intriguingistheir promising potential to realize and probe topological phases of matter. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices with long range interactions and. Compared to free space optical lattices, quantum uncertainties of the potential and the possibility of atomfield entanglement lead to modified. Figure 3 a using a twophoton process, one can convert two free atoms into a molecule in a defined rovibrational quantum state. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices simulating quantum manybody systems maciej lewenstein, anna sanpera, and veronica ahufinger. It is also the plan to put this mixture into an optical lattice henrik is currently. Quantum coherence and entanglement with ultracold atoms in. By using ultracold atoms in a mott insulating ph ase of an optical. In this letter we propose and analyze a novel approach to the realization of highdensity optical lattices using the optical potential formed from the near. Controlling spin exchange interactions of ultracold atoms.
Ultracold atoms on optical lattices welcome to the ideals repository. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading ultracold atoms in optical lattices. This chapter explores quantum matter with ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Quantum mechanical superexchange interactions form the basis of quantum magnetism in strongly correlated electronic media. Artificial gauge fields with ultracold atoms in optical. Compared to free space optical lattices, quantum uncertainties of the potential and the possibility of atomfield entanglement lead to modified phase transition characteristics, the appearance of new phases or even quantum superpositions of different phases.
Kennedy, william cody burton, and wolfgang ketterle mitharvard center for ultracold atoms, research laboratory of electronics, department of physics, massachusetts institute of technology, cambridge, massachusetts. Controlling spin exchange interactions of ultracold atoms in. Simulating quantum manybody systems kindle edition by maciej lewenstein, anna sanpera, veronica ahufinger. Artificial gauge fields with ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Tightbinding models for ultracold atoms in honeycomb. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices pdf download download 1 5. Due to the close resemblance of ultracold atoms in optical lattices to solid state crystals.
Ultracold atoms and molecules have opened a new field for studying strong correlation effects in manybody quantum systems in a highly controllable setting. Along this line, chiral ladder systems for ultracold atoms constitute one of timely topics of engineering the topological quantum matter with synthetic gauge and synthetic dimensions 10. Pdf ultracold atoms in optical lattices pedro duarte. Ultracold atoms in such a rotating lattice can be used for the direct quantum simulation of strongly correlated systems under large effective magnetic fields, allowing investigation of phenomena such as the fractional quantum hall effect. These setups allow unprecedented quantum controloverlargenumbers ofatoms and thus arevery promising for applications in quantum information. Such ultracold atoms in optical lattices form a completely novel and. Atoms in optical lattices with periodicities ranging from 10 to. After preparing a spinmixture of ultracold atoms in an antiferromagnetically ordered state, we measured coherent superexchangemediated spin dynamics with coupling. Pdf ultracold quantum gases in optical lattices researchgate. Jan 18, 2008 quantum mechanical superexchange interactions form the basis of quantum magnetism in strongly correlated electronic media. Free of impurities low temperatures enable us to study various quantum phases easy and fast tuning of experimental parameters like underlying lattice periodicity, interaction between particles etc. Extraction and identification of noise patterns for ultracold atoms in an optical lattice shuyang cao, pengju tang, xinxin guo, xuzong chen, wei zhang, and xiaoji zhou.
Extraction and identification of noise patterns for ultracold atoms in an optical lattice. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices offer an ideal, yet untested environment for investigating quasicrystals. In the interaction of atoms with coherent light fields, two fundamental forces arise. Quantum simulations with ultracold atoms in optical lattices. The field of quantum simulation with ultracold atoms offers a solution to this problem, namely the use of optical lattices standing waves of light.
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